Learning track
Power System Economics
Electricity markets in the US and Europe, pricing and the business side of keeping the grid running.
Why Power Markets Exist
Why electricity isn't a normal commodity, and the two basic models for deciding which plant runs.
The Day-Ahead and Real-Time Markets
How electricity trades in stages, from a day-ahead forecast to real-time balancing, and how marginal pricing works.
Locational Marginal Pricing
Why electricity can have a different price at every point on the grid, and what congestion and losses do to it.
European Electricity Markets
Bidding zones, SDAC and SIDC, balancing and redispatch — how Europe's zonal, coupled market works and how it compares with nodal LMP.
Ancillary Services Markets
How frequency regulation, reserves and voltage support get bought and paid for, separately from energy.
Capacity Markets & Resource Adequacy
Why plants get paid just to be available, and how 'missing money' shapes long-term reliability.
Contracts, PPAs & Price Risk
How forwards, PPAs and Contracts for Differences let generators and buyers hedge against spot market volatility.
Market Design & the Energy Transition
How near-zero-marginal-cost renewables are straining traditional market design, and how markets are adapting.